Summary of best evidence for the management of thirst in ICU patients / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To summarize the best evidence of thirst management in ICU patients and provide evidence-based basis for dinical practice.Method:According to the "6S" evidence pyramid model, the literature on thirst management of ICU patients was systematically retrieved from relevant guidelines websites, evidence-based databases, association websites and original literature databases at home and abroad. The retrieval time was from the establishment of the database to June 31, 2022. Two researchers with evidence-based nursing training independently completed literature quality evaluation. To extract and summarize the evidence of the literature that meets the quality standard.Results:A total of 17 articles were included, including 8 randomized controlled trials, 5 quasi-experimental studies and 4 cross-sectional studies. The 18 pieces of best evidence were formed, including 5 aspects: basic requirements of thirst management, intervention evaluation, intervention methods, matters needing attention and health education.Conclusions:This study summarized the best evidence of thirst management in ICU patients. Nurses should translate and apply the best evidence in combination with the clinical situation and specific policies of the department to relieve the thirst symptoms of ICU patients.

GPRC5B protects osteoarthritis by regulation of autophagy signaling

Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common chronic diseases in the world. However, current treatment modalities mainly relieve pain and inhibit cartilage degradation, but do not promote cartilage regeneration. In this study, we show that G protein-coupled receptor class C group 5 member B (GPRC5B), an orphan G-protein-couple receptor, not only inhibits cartilage degradation, but also increases cartilage regeneration and thereby is protective against OA. We observed that Gprc5b deficient chondrocytes had an upregulation of cartilage catabolic gene expression, along with downregulation of anabolic genes in vitro. Furthermore, mice deficient in Gprc5b displayed a more severe OA phenotype in the destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) induced OA mouse model, with upregulation of cartilage catabolic factors and downregulation of anabolic factors, consistent with our in vitro findings. Overexpression of Gprc5b by lentiviral vectors alleviated the cartilage degeneration in DMM-induced OA mouse model by inhibiting cartilage degradation and promoting regeneration. We also assessed the molecular mechanisms downstream of Gprc5b that may mediate these observed effects and identify the role of protein kinase B (AKT)-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-autophagy signaling pathway. Thus, we demonstrate an integral role of GPRC5B in OA pathogenesis, and activation of GPRC5B has the potential in preventing the progression of OA.

Clinical characteristics of plastic bronchitis and risk factors for recurrence in children / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To study the clinical characteristics of plastic bronchitis (PB) in children and investigate the the risk factors for recurrence of PB.@*METHODS@#This was a retrospective analysis of medical data of children with PB who were hospitalized in Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2012 to July 2022. The children were divided into a single occurrence of PB group and a recurrent PB group and the risk factors for recurrence of PB were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#A total of 107 children with PB were included, including 61 males (57.0%) and 46 females (43.0%), with a median age of 5.0 years, and 78 cases (72.9%) were over 3 years old. All the children had cough, 96 children (89.7%) had fever, with high fever in 90 children. Seventy-three children (68.2%) had shortness of breath, and 64 children (59.8%) had respiratory failure. Sixty-six children (61.7%) had atelectasis and 52 children (48.6%) had pleural effusion. Forty-seven children (43.9%) had Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, 28 children (26.2%) had adenovirus infection, and 17 children (15.9%) had influenza virus infection. Seventy-one children (66.4%) had a single occurrence of PB, and 36 cases (33.6%) had recurrent occurrence of PB (≥2 times). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that involvement of ≥2 lung lobes (OR=3.376) under bronchoscopy, continued need for invasive ventilation after initial removal of plastic casts (OR=3.275), and concomitant multi-organ dysfunction outside the lungs (OR=2.906) were independent risk factors for recurrent occurrence of PB (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Children with pneumonia accompanied by persistent high fever, shortness of breath, respiratory failure, atelectasis or pleural effusion should be highly suspected with PB. Involvement of ≥2 lung lobes under bronchoscopy, continued need for invasive ventilation after initial removal of plastic casts, and concomitant multi-organ dysfunction outside the lungs may be risk factors for recurrent occurrence of PB.

Clinical and bronchoscopy features of tracheobronchial tuberculosis in children / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To study the clinical and bronchoscopic characteristics of tracheobronchial tuberculosis (TBTB) in children and to identify factors influencing residual airway obstruction or stenosis.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of children with TBTB were retrospectively collected. The children were divided into two groups based on the last bronchoscopic result within one year of follow-up: a group with residual airway obstruction or stenosis (n=34) and a group without residual airway obstruction or stenosis (n=58). A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors influencing residual airway obstruction or stenosis in children with TBTB. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to analyze the predictive value of the factors influencing residual airway obstruction or stenosis in children with TBTB.@*RESULTS@#A total of 92 children with TBTB were included, and the main symptoms were cough (90%) and fever (68%). In children under 1 year old, the incidence rates of dyspnea and wheezing were significantly higher than in other age groups (P<0.008). Chest CT findings included mediastinal or hilar lymph node enlargement (90%) and tracheobronchial stenosis or obstruction (61%). The lymphatic fistula type was the main type of TBTB observed bronchoscopically (77%). All children received interventional treatment, and the effective rate was 84%. During one year of follow-up, 34 children had residual airway obstruction or stenosis. The TBTB diagnostic time and the initiation of interventional treatment were significantly delayed in the group with residual airway obstruction or stenosis compared with the group without residual airway obstruction or stenosis (P<0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the TBTB diagnostic time was closely related to residual airway obstruction or stenosis in children (P<0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that at the cut-off value of 92 days of TBTB diagnostic time, the area under the curve for predicting residual airway obstruction or stenosis in children with TBTB was 0.707, with a sensitivity of 58.8% and a specificity of 75.9%.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The clinical manifestations of TBTB are nonspecific, and symptoms are more severe in children under 1 year old. TBTB should be suspected in children with tuberculosis and chest imaging indicating airway involvement. Delayed diagnosis of TBTB is associated with the development of residual airway obstruction or stenosis.

Effects of herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion on plasma trimethylamine, trimethylamine-N-oxide, and flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 in atherosclerotic rabbits / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To investigate the effects of herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion on the plasma levels of trimethylamine (TMA), trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), and flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO3) in rabbits with atherosclerosis (AS), as well as to explore the possible mechanism of herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion in treating AS. Methods: After 1-week adaptive feeding, 28 male New Zealand rabbits were divided into a blank group, a model group, an antibiotic group, and a herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion group according to the random number table method, with 7 rabbits in each group. Rabbits were fed with a basic diet in the blank group, while with a basic diet plus 1％ choline in the remaining groups to prepare the AS model. Rabbits were given drinking water with broad-spectrum antibiotics in the antibiotic group, and herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion in the herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion group for 12 weeks. The atherosclerotic plaques by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, the blood lipid levels, the plasma TMA and TMAO levels by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry were detected for rabbits in each group at the end of interventions. Liver FMO3 protein expression was detected by Western blotting. Liver FMO3 mRNA expression was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: HE staining showed that the arterial wall was rough, the intima was significantly thickened, and more foam cells and lipid deposits were seen in rabbits of the model group. Arterial wall thickening was not obvious with a few foam cells and lipid deposits in the herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion group. Compared with the blank group, the serum levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and total cholesterol (TC) were increased (P<0.01), the plasma levels of TMA and TMAO were increased (P<0.05, P<0.01), and the expression levels of liver FMO3 protein and mRNA were all increased (P<0.05, P<0.01); while the serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level was decreased in the model group (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the LDL-C and TC levels were decreased (P<0.01 or P<0.05), the HDL-C levels were increased (P<0.01), the TMA and TMAO levels were decreased (P<0.05), while the protein and mRNA expression levels of FMO3 were decreased without statistical significance in the herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion group and the antibiotic group. Conclusion: Herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion can slow atherosclerotic plaque formation and regulate lipid levels in AS rabbits, and the mechanism may be related to the down-regulation of TMA and TMAO expression in the plasma.

Research progress on non-drug intervention for patients with perimenopausal depression / 四川精神卫生

This article gives a review on domestic and foreign researches on the non-drug intervention for patients with perimenopausal depression published from 2012 to 2022， so as to provide a reference for clinical treatment and nursing. Currently， pharmacotherapy is the mainstay of treatment for perimenopausal depression， while many existing problems remain to be solved such as the variation in treatment effect and the difficulty in maintaining emotional stability. however，high safety and relatively low cost are the characteristics of non-drug intervention， so this article expounds on the non-drug intervention measures for perimenopausal depression， such as music therapy， dietary therapy， exercise therapy， acupuncture therapy and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation （rTMS）.

Water migration and kinetics of Arecae Semen during moistening process / 中国中药杂志

In this study, low-field nuclear magnetic resonance(LF-NMR) and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) were employed to analyze the water distribution, status, and migration in the moistening process of Arecae Semen. Peleg model was adopted to study the water absorption kinetics of Arecae Semen moistened at different water temperatures(10, 30, and 50 ℃). The Arecae Semen samples soaked at different water temperatures all contained four water states: binding water T_(21), non-flowing water T_(22), free water T_(23), and unbound water T_(24). Non-flowing water had the largest increase in peak area during the moistening process, followed by free water. The peak areas of non-flowing water, free water, and total water were correlated with the water content(P<0.01). Therefore, LF-NMR can quickly and non-destructively predict the water content of Arecae Semen during moistening. The peak area of non-flowing water and the content of free water were correlated with the content of arecoline in the soaking solution(P<0.01), which indicated that the faster flow of non-flowing water and more free water corresponded to more arecoline dissolved. The MRI images showed that the water migration pathway varied at different soaking temperatures, and the moistening degree obtained by this means was consistent with that obtained based on traditional experience. The rate constant K_1 fitted by Peleg model decreased with the increase in water temperature, while the capacity constant K_2 showed an opposite trend. The Arrhenius equation fitting of K_1 with temperature showed that the activation energy of Arecae Semen in the moistening process was 32.98 kJ·mol~(-1). LF-NMR/MRI can be used to analyze the water status and content and determine the end moisturing point of Arecae Semen. Peleg model can accurately describe the water absorption properties of Arecae Semen in the moistening process. The findings of this study can guide the moistening optimization and mechanism research of other seed Chinese medicinal materials.

Meta analysis of whether cytoreductive surgery combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy can improve survival in patients with colorectal cancer peritoneal metastasis / 中华胃肠外科杂志

Objective: To explore whether the cytoreductive surgery combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS+HIPEC) can improve the survival rate of colorectal cancer patients with peritoneal metastasis. Methods: The relevant studies were systematically retrieved from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP database, and the study of French Elias' team on peritoneal metastasis was retrieved manually. Inclusion criteria: (1) The patients were colorectal cancer peritoneal metastasis. (2) There were CRS+HIPEC treatments (treatment group) and other treatments (control group). (3) Survival analysis data of treatment group and control group were available. (4) Types of studies were randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, or case-control studies. (5) The literature was in Chinese or English. Exclusion criteria: (1) studies without full-text; (2) studies without complete data. The literature screening and data extraction were carried out by two people independently, and the third person decided on the literature with differences. The extracted data included authors, year of publication, number of patients, time of enrollment, time of follow-up, studies design, treatment regimen, hazard ratio (HR) and 95% CI of treatment group and control groups. If the HR and 95% CI of the treatment group and control group were not provided in the literature, Engauge Digitizer 11.1 software was used to extract the time of follow-up and the survival rate at the corresponding time point from the survival curves of both groups, and the HR and 95% CI of both groups were calculated by combining the number of both groups. The quality of study was evaluated by Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS) or Cochrane collaboration's tool for assessing risk bias. STATA 15.1 software was used for statistical analysis. HR and 95% CI of both groups were pooled and analyzed. Inter-trial heterogeneity was assessed by Q test and I(2) statistics. When there was no significant heterogeneity (Q test: P≥0.10), fixed-effect model was used for pooled analysis. When significant heterogeneity existed (Q test: P<0.10), random effect model was used for pooled analysis, and subgroup analysis was used to find out the source of heterogeneity. Sensitivity analysis was used to evaluate the stability of the pooled results. Publication bias was assessed by Egger's test and Begg's test (P<0.05 indicated publication bias) and it is reflected by the visual symmetry of Begg's funnel plot on the natural logarithm of HR. Results: A total of 10 studies were enrolled in the meta-analysis, including 1 randomized controlled trial and 9 cohort studies. The risk of bias in 1 randomized controlled trial was uncertain, and 9 cohort studies were all higher than 7 points, indicating high quality literatures. There were 781 patients in treatment group receiving CRS+HIPEC and 2452 patients in control group receiving other treatment, including tumor cytoreductive surgery (CRS), palliative chemotherapy (PC) and intraperitoneal chemotherapy (IPC). The results of pooled analysis by random effect model showed that the OS rate in treatment group was significantly higher than that in control group (HR=0.43, 95% CI: 0.34-0.54), but the heterogeneity of the study was high (P=0.024, I(2)=52.9%). The subgroup analysis of different control treatments showed that the OS rate in treatment group was significantly higher than that in CRS control group (HR=0.63, 95% CI: 0.44-0.90), in PC control group (HR=0.37, 95% CI: 0.32-0.43), in CRS+ IPC control group (HR=0.60, 95% CI: 0.37-0.96), and the heterogeneity of each subgroup was low (CRS control group: P=0.255, I(2)=22.9%; PC control group: P=0.222, I(2)=29.9%; CRS+IPC control group: P=0.947, I(2)=0). Due to the low heterogeneity of subgroups, fixed-effect models were used to pool and analysis. The results of sensitivity analysis revealed that there was little difference between the pooled analysis results after each study was deleted, suggesting that the pooled analysis results were more reliable. Publication bias detection of each study showed Begg's test (P=0.088) >0.05 and Egger's test (P=0.138)>0.05. According to the Begg's funnel plot, the scatter point distribution was basically symmetric, indicating that there was no publication bias in the included study. Conclusion: CRS+HIPEC can improve the OS of patients with colorectal cancer peritoneal metastasis.

Exploring the effect of acupuncture plus mild hypothermia on miRNA-204 and its target gene expressions in CIRI rat brain tissues based on MAPK signal pathway / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To explore the protective mechanism of acupuncture plus mild hypothermia for cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) by observing the effects of acupuncture plus mild hypothermia on miRNA-204 and its target gene expressions in CIRI rat brain tissues. Methods: Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into a blank control group, a sham operation group, a model group, an acupuncture group, a mild hypothermia group and an acupuncture plus mild hypothermia group according to the random number table method (n=10). Except for the blank control group and the sham operation group, rats in the other 4 groups received CIRI modeling. After the model was successfully established, rats in the blank control group were bred routinely for 72 h without any interventions; rats in the sham operation group and the model group were bred routinely for 72 h, and only received binding without other interventions after surgery; rats in the acupuncture group were bred routinely for 72 h, and received acupuncture at Dazhui (GV 14), Baihui (GV 20) and Shuigou (GV 26) after binding; rats in the mild hypothermia group were bred routinely for 72 h, and received mild hypothermia intervention for 72 h after binding; rats in the acupuncture plus mild hypothermia group were bred routinely for 72 h, followed by receiving acupuncture as in the acupuncture group and mild hypothermia therapy as in the mild hypothermia group after binding. The neurological impairment score, cerebral infarction area ratio, the expressions of miRNA-204 and its target genes including Map3k8, Ntrk2 and Ppp3r1 in the ischemic hippocampus of each group were observed after 72 h of intervention. Results: Before intervention, compared with the blank control group and the sham operation group, the neurological impairment scores and the infarction area ratios of the modelled rats were statistically significantly increased (all P<0.01), indicating that the model was successful. After intervention, compared with the model group, the neurological impairment scores of the three intervention groups were significantly reduced (all P<0.01); compared with the acupuncture group and the mild hypothermia group, the infarction area ratio in the acupuncture plus mild hypothermia group was significantly reduced (both P<0.01); compared with the model group, the three intervention groups showed significant inhibition of miRNA-204 expression in brain tissues (all P<0.05), which was most significant in the acupuncture plus mild hypothermia group (P<0.01); compared with the acupuncture group and the mild hypothermia group, the Map3k8 expression in the acupuncture plus mild hypothermia group was significantly increased (both P<0.01), but there were no significant differences in Ntrk2 and Ppp3r1 expressions between groups (all P>0.05). Conclusion: Acupuncture, mild hypothermia, and acupuncture plus mild hypothermia reduced the neurological impairment score and the cerebral infarction area in CIRI rats, while acupuncture plus mild hypothermia showed the most significant effect. In regulating miRNA-204 target gene expressions, acupuncture plus mild hypothermia showed the same effect on Ntrk2 and Ppp3r1 expressions, while better effect on Map3k8 expression compared with either acupuncture or hypothermia.

Study on endpoint determination method of tablet coating based on 3σ criteria and logic regression / 中国中药杂志

This paper explores the statistical distribution characteristics of coating film thickness, so as to present a new method for determining coating endpoint based on 3σ criterion and logic regression. Firstly, the spectrum and thickness of 4 batch samples were collected. Secondly, the spectral range of normal products was obtained by 3σ criterion, with the spectral feature NI as the number of test spectrum in the above range. Then, the model based on 3σ criterion and logic regression was built according to the best condition in K-fold cross-validation and the determined threshold of qualified rate in the coating endpoint. Finally, the qualified rate of test set samples at different time points was calculated by the above model, and the above change trend and the threshold value were combined to determine the coating endpoint. The results of KS analysis showed the distribution of thickness of the qualified products followed the normal distribution(P=0.081>0.05). The accuracy of the coating endpoint determination was as high as 100% by the model based on 3σ criterion and logic regression when the determined threshold of qualified rate was 90%. Therefore, the 3σ criterion was feasible to the research of coating eligibility. This paper reveals certain random phenomena in the coating process, and the method features a high accuracy, quick analysis and a good interpretability, which provides a reference for online detection and qualify evaluation in future.

Research progress in the application of glass transition phenomenon in pharmaceutics / 药学学报

In recent years, the phenomenon of glass transition has been gradually applied to the field of pharmaceutics. And it exhibits important influences on multiple operating units of pharmaceutical preparations, and the properties and storage of pharmaceutical intermediates and products. At present, it has been widely used in the process of preparations such as drying, granulation, coating, tableting, holt-melt extrusion, cryogenic comminution, and so on. Meanwhile, it showed guiding significance for the process of preparation intermediates and their products, such as solid dispersion, microcapsule, liposome, particle, tablet, and other preparation intermediates and their products. Therefore, this article conducts a detailed analysis and systematic summary of the application guidance of the phenomenon of glass transition in the preparation process, and its influence on the preparation intermediates and products, so as to provide theoretical guidance for preparation production and product storage.

Effects of Heat Treatment Conditions on Shape Memory Recovery of NiTi Self-expanding Vascular Stents / 中国医疗器械杂志

Effects of heat treatment conditions (including temperature and time) on the shape memory recovery and corrosion resistance of NiTi self-expanding vascular stents were studied based on working mechanism and clinical use. The

Epidemiological characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus in hospitalized children with acute lower respiratory tract infection in Chongqing, China, from 2013 to 2018: an analysis of 2 066 cases / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the detection rate, epidemic pattern, and clinical features of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in hospitalized children with acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI).@*METHODS@#Nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from children with ALRI, aged < 2 years, who were hospitalized in Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from June 2013 to May 2018. Multiplex PCR was used to detect 16 common respiratory viruses. The epidemiological characteristics of RSV were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#A total of 2 066 hospitalized children with ALRI were enrolled. Among the children, 1 595 (77.20%) tested positive for virus and 826 (39.98%) tested positive for RSV [410(49.6%) positive for RSV-A, 414 (50.1%) positive for RSV-B, and 2 (0.2%) positive for both RSV-A and RSV-B]. RSV-B was the main subtype detected in 2013-2014 and 2016-2017, while RSV-A was the main subtype in 2014-2015 and 2017-2018, and these two subtypes were prevalent in 2015-2016. The highest detection rate of RSV was noted in winter. RSV + human rhinovirus was the most common combination of viruses and was detected in 123 children. These children were more likely to develop wheezing than those with single RSV detected (@*CONCLUSIONS@#In Chongqing in 2013-2018, RSV-A and RSV-B not only can predominate alternately, but also can co-circulate during a season. RSV is the major viral pathogen of hospitalized children with ALRI and can cause severe lower respiratory tract infection. There are no differences in clinical manifestations between children with RSV-A infection and those with RSV-B infection, but boys are more susceptible to RSV-A infection.

Progress in Research and Application of Drug-Device Combination Product / 中国医疗器械杂志

Drug-device combination product, which comprises at least a drug and a medical device, has been proved to effectively reduce the risk of complications accompanied with conventional medical devices implantation, and has a great clinical success especially in implantable therapeutics. Herein, we firstly elaborated the definitions and requirements of drug-device combination product in different countries, then summarized the market application and research development of typical drug-device combination products. Technical problems and the trend of future development had also been analyzed.

Effect of miR-204 on proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts in osteoporosis mice by Wnt signaling pathway and its mechanism / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of miR-204 on the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts in osteoporosis mice by Wnt signaling pathway and its mechanism.Methods:Female Kunming mice were divided into: control group, sham operation group and osteoporosis group. Ovariectomy mouse models were established and identified by bilateral ovariectomy; Mouse primary osteoblasts were extracted and identified; Cells was transfected and detected the miR-204 expression levels; MTT was used to detect the viability of each group of cells; Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was detected in each cell group; Cell flowmetry was used to detect apoptosis in each group; Cell flowmetry was used to detect the activity of Caspase-3 in each group of cells; Interaction between miR-204, β-catenin and LRP-5 was detected by dual luciferase reporter gene. Western blot was used to detect the expression of Wnt signaling pathway-related proteins.Results:The bone mineral density of the osteoporosis group was significantly lower than that of the control group and the sham operation group ( P=0.007, P=0.057) , indicating that the osteoporosis mice were successfully modeled; The expression level of miR-204 was significantly increased in the miR-204 mimics group ( P=0.007) , and decreased in the miR-204 inhibitor group ( P=0.031) ; The activity of bone cell and ALP activity of miR-204 mimics increased ( P=0.007, P=0.043) , and the activity of bone cell and ALP decreased by miR-204 inhibitor ( P=0.007, P=0.035) ; The invasive ability of miR-204 mimics was significantly increased ( P=0.006) , and the invasive ability of miR-204 inhibitor was decreased ( P=0.036) ; The apoptosis ability and Caspase-3 activity of miR-204 mimics were decreased ( P=0.041, P=0.045) , and the apoptosis ability and Caspase-3 activity of bone cells were enhanced by miR-204 inhibitor ( P=0.005, P=0.039) ; There were targeting relationship between miR-204 and β-catenin, LRP-5. The expressions of β-catenin and LRP-5 protein in osteoblasts of miR-204 mimics were up-regulated ( P=0.043, P=0.009) , and the expression of β-catenin and LRP-5 protein in bone cells of miR-204 inhibitor was down-regulated ( P=0.041, P=0.032) . Conclusion:miR-204 maybe promote the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, activate Wnt signaling pathway, and has certain protective effect on osteoporosis.

The Clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with decompensated schistosomiasis cirrhosis or decompensated alcoholic cirrhosis in ICU / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective:Intensive physicians have relatively insufficient knowledge and experience in treating patients with decompensated schistosomiasis cirrhosis (DSC) admitted in intensive care unit (ICU), but are relatively familiar with patients with decompensated alcoholic cirrhosis (DAC). For this purpose, the clinical characteristics and prognosis of these patients were compared and analyzed.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed from January 2013 to May 2019 in our hospital and Quzhou People’s hospital. The demographic data, laboratory examination, liver function, Child-Pugh classification, complications of cirrhosis, ultrasonic imaging gastroscopy manifestations were recorded and analyzed. In addition, the treatments and prognosis were also compared.Results:A total of 30 patients (12 males and 18 females) with DSC (aged 57-88) and 31 patients with DAC (aged 41-75) were collected. Compared with patients with DAC, DSC patients were more likely to have coronary heart disease, lower proportion of hyponatremia and lower need of ventilator support. Although the incidences of jaundice and hepatic encephalopathy were significantly reduced ( P<0.05), but parameters of liver function and coagulation were no significant differences in both groups ( P>0.05). B-mode ultrasound of liver in patients with DSC displayed more proportion of patchy and diffuse echo changes and liver volume reduction ( P<0.05), whereas the manifestations of gastroscope in both groups were similar. No significant difference in main treatment measures like uses of somatostatin and three-chamber and two-capsule tube was observed. After treatment, the stop time of gastrointestinal bleeding was similar between groups of DAC and DSC [1.25 (0.5-4.125) days vs. 1.75 (1-2.375) days] ( P>0.05). In addition, the length of ICU stay in DAC group was similar to DSC group [(4.96±3.58) days vs. (3.82±1.99) days], so did the 28-day mortality [14.29% (2/14) vs. 18.18% (2/11)] (both P>0.05). Conclusions:In genenal, patients with decompensated schistosomiasis cirrhosis have the similar clinical characteristics, major biochemical indicators and accessory examination results like ultrasound and gastroscopic examinations to patients with decompensated alcoholic cirrhosis. After timely treatments, both of these patients could achieve a good prognosis.

Valproic acid concentration and biochemical indexes in epilepsy outpatients during monotherapy or combination therapy / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVES@#Due to the narrow therapeutic window of valproic acid (VPA), grievous adverse reactions such as hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity may occur in patients with epilepsy for a long time. This study aimed to explore the effect of VPA concentration on biochemical and routine blood test related to liver, renal, and hematology in epileptic outpatients treated with VPA alone or combined with other antiepileptic drugs.@*METHODS@#A total of 3 194 Chinese epileptic outpatients from Xiangya Hospital, were analyzed in a crude analysis after stratifying through dosage regimens. The plasma VPA concentration was detected by gas chromatography method and then standardized through dosage and body weight. Ten biochemical indexes related to liver, renal, and hematology were evaluated.@*RESULTS@#Of all patients, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (SCr) level, and erythrocyte count (RBC) showed positive correlations with standardized VPA concentration (=0.494, =0.157, =0.596, respectively), while platelet specific volume (PCT) and blood platelet (PLT) showed negative correlations with standardized VPA concentration (=-5.500, =-0.086, respectively). After stratifying through dosage regimens, significantly positive associations between SCr and standardized VPA concentration were found in the juvenile patients from the monotherapy group and combination therapy group (=1.800, =0.352, respectively). In addition, PLT and leukocyte count (WBC) in the juvenile patients from the combination therapy group were negatively correlated with standardized VPA concentration (=-1.463, =-0.079, respectively), while RBC showed a positive association with standardized VPA concentration in the juvenile patients from the monotherapy group (=0.068).@*CONCLUSIONS@#SCr level is significantly associated with plasma VPA concentration. Drug combination and age are important factors leading to hematological disorders. The finding provides potential theoretical guidance for the rational and safe clinical use of VPA.

Significance and operation mode of moxibustion intervention for the group under quarantine after close contact with COVID-19 / 中国针灸

On the base of the idea of traditional Chinese medicine as "disease prevention", the mode and the protocol of the moxibustion intervention for the group under quarantine after close contact with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) were explored. The group under quarantine after close contact with COVID-19 was taken as the subjects. By the non-contact physician-patient communication network platform co-developed by China Association of Acupuncture-Moxibustion, Hunan Provincial Association of Acupuncture-Moxibustion, Data Center of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and Yuge Medicine Company, an exploratory randomized controlled trial was designed. A total of 100 cases were included and randomized into a moxibustion group and a conventional intervention group, 50 cases in each one. In the moxibustion group, moxibustion intervention was used. In the conventional intervention group, the conventional observation was adopted without moxibusiton intervention applied. The outcomes included the symptoms changes, e.g. anxiety, emotional disturbance, fatigue, headache and diarrhea, as well as whether quarantine release and the case confirmed or not, etc. The results were evaluated before intervention, in 14 days of intervention and 2 weeks after intervention separately. In this research, on the base of internet plus technology and with the internet communication platform adopted, through mobile phone WeChat App, it was to implement the subject screen, the random allocation and the instruction of moxibustion intervention as well as the quality control of patient's diary and data collection. It is anticipated that the significance and the implementation mode of moxibustion intervention can be assessed preliminarily for the group under quarantine after close contact with COVID-19.

Dexmedetomidine Receptor Dependently Enhanced Macrophage Phagocytosis / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

@#【Objective】To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on the phagocytosis of macrophages.【Methods】 RAW264.7 cells were divided into control group，DEX group，and BRL44408 + DEX group. Expression of α2A adrenergic receptor，p-Akt and Akt were detected by Western Blotting；Phagocytosis Assay Kit（IgG PE）was used to measure the phagocytosis of macrophages. 【Results】 α2A adrenergic receptor was detected in RAW264.7 cells；Dexmedetomidine could enhance the phagocytosis of macrophages（P < 0.001），and BRL44408 reversed the enhancement of phagocytic ability of macrophages（P < 0.001）；Dexmedetomidine upregulated the expression of Akt in RAW264.7 cells，while the use of BRL44408 inhibited the activation of the Akt pathway（P < 0.01）.【Conclusion】Dexmedetomidine could enhance phagocytosis of RAW264.7 by activating the Akt pathway through the α2A adrenergic receptor.

Simultaneous and Rapid Detection of Concentrated Liquid of Compound Dahuang Decoction Based on Near Infrared Spectroscopy / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective::Near infrared spectroscopy was used to detect the concentration density (25 ℃), solid-containing content, rhein content and glycyrrhizic acid content of compound Dahuang decoction. Method::The concentrated liquid of compound Dahuang decoction was determined by near infrared optical fiber transmission spectrometry. The contents of rhein and glycyrrhizic acid were determined by HPLC. Fifty-one samples were used for internal cross-validation, and partial least square regression was used to establish correction models between near-infrared spectrum and density, solid-containing content, rhein content and glycyrrhizic acid content, respectively. Ten unknown concentrated liquid samples were collected for external validation and prediction. Result::The external validation complex correlation coefficients between near-infrared spectra and density, solid-containing content, rhein content and glycyrrhizic acid content of the concentrated liquid of compound Dahuang decoction were 0.995 9, 0.999 6, 0.997 0 and 0.992 2, and the root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) values were 2.50×10-3, 0.17, 7.57 and 67.10, respectively. Conclusion::The near infrared spectroscopy is suitable for the determination of evaluation indexes of the concentrated liquid index of compound Dahuang decoction, and has the characteristics of rapid, simple, stable and reliable.